What TRIUMPH-1 tells us about maintenance, and what it does not
Dose reduction is not withdrawal, and the trials that tested withdrawal cannot be read as testing it.
Clinical Trials in 2025
Page 4 of 11 of this archive, newest first.
What the outcome trials measured in the kidney
Estimated glomerular filtration rate is a calculation with muscle mass in the denominator of its assumptions. In this population that matters.
STEP 2 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
STEP 1 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
What a low result means when intake has halved
Micronutrient guidance for this drug class is borrowed almost entirely from post-bariatric surveillance, where the anatomy is different and the deficiency mechanisms are not…
SURPASS-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURPASS-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURPASS-2 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
STEP 4 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Every fortnight, every third week, seasonally: an unstudied practice
What the exposure arithmetic says about a fortnightly schedule, and where the arithmetic stops being informative.
STEP 2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
STEP 1 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Coming off: what the pharmacology permits
What a slow reduction could plausibly buy, and what it certainly cannot prevent.
SURMOUNT-4 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Eating enough protein on a suppressed appetite is an arithmetic problem before it is a nutritional one
A survey of what the meta-analyses support, with the populations named.
Why your laboratory interval differs from the one in the textbook
A twelve-analyte panel in a perfectly healthy person has roughly even odds of producing at least one flagged result.
STEP 8 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURMOUNT-2 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
There is no discontinuation syndrome, and that changes the argument
The best argument for tapering is behavioural rather than pharmacological, and it deserves to be made on its own terms.
Grams per kilogram of what? The denominator problem in protein guidance
The denominator matters more than the ratio: per kilogram of body weight, of ideal weight, or of lean mass gives three different targets.