Why the bone question is harder than the muscle question
Density is a proxy for strength and an imperfect one, particularly when soft-tissue thickness over the measurement site is changing.
Clinical Trials in 2025
Page 9 of 11 of this archive, newest first.
STEP 3 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURPASS-2 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
TRIUMPH-1 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
TRIUMPH-3 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Not everybody regains at the same rate, and nobody knows why
What returns, in what order, and how much of the benefit survives.
SURPASS-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
REWIND misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
What the older diet-and-exercise trials found in the hip
A plausible mechanism, a measurable change, and no outcome data. This is what an open question looks like.
TRIUMPH-1 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
Why the recent month counts for half the number
The assay is not the problem. The interpretation of a lagging integral as a current measurement is the problem.
STEP 2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
TRIUMPH-1 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
The shortage years, and what they taught about interruption
The trials studied planned withdrawal. Almost nobody stops that way.
Tapering: a word borrowed from drugs with withdrawal syndromes
What a slow reduction could plausibly buy, and what it certainly cannot prevent.
SURPASS-2 extension data: what happens after the trial stops
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
SURMOUNT-2 misses on a secondary endpoint the coverage has not mentioned
A design note rather than a result: what the comparator was, and what that permits you to conclude.
What the outcome trials measured in the kidney
Estimated glomerular filtration rate is a calculation with muscle mass in the denominator of its assumptions. In this population that matters.
Every fortnight, every third week, seasonally: an unstudied practice
An absence of evidence is not evidence of harm. It is also not a licence.
The scale is not the measurement, and neither is the handheld device in the clinic
A body-composition report gives four decimal places and no confidence interval. That is the whole difficulty in one sentence.